手法を比較

	縦断日記法	ダイアリー法	縦断調査	スマートフォンを用いた生活体験の捕捉：モバイル日記法
分野	調査方法論	調査方法論	調査方法論	調査方法論
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1942 (diary method); longitudinal variant formalised 1980s–2000s	1920s–1940s (systematised by Allport, 1942)	1940s (panel survey tradition); longitudinal designs codified mid-20th century	1987 (ESM roots); mobile form ~2007–2010
提唱者	Allport (1942); systematic longitudinal extension developed by Bolger, Davis & Rafaeli (2003)	Gordon Allport (systematic social-science use); Nels Anderson (early fieldwork diaries)	Established tradition; formalized in social science by Paul Lazarsfeld and colleagues (1940s panel studies)	Csikszentmihalyi & Larson (ESM foundation); mobile adaptation through 2000s smartphone proliferation
種類	Longitudinal qualitative/quantitative data collection	Qualitative / mixed-methods data-collection technique	Quantitative / mixed-methods survey design	Longitudinal self-report data collection technique
原典	Bolger, N., Davis, A., & Rafaeli, E. (2003). Diary methods: Capturing life as it is lived. Annual Review of Psychology, 54(1), 579–616.	Alaszewski, A. (2006). Using Diaries for Social Research. Sage. ISBN: 978-0761941415	Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922292	Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Larson, R. (1987). Validity and reliability of the Experience-Sampling Method. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 175(9), 526–536.
別名	diary study (longitudinal), daily diary method, repeated-measures diary, longitudinal self-report diary	diary study, diary technique, self-report diary, daily diary method	panel survey, repeated-measures survey, longitudinal panel study, wave survey	mobile diary study, smartphone diary method, mobile ESM diary, ecological momentary diary
関連	3	5	3	4
概要	The Longitudinal Diary Method is a data collection technique in which participants record experiences, thoughts, feelings, or behaviors in structured diary entries repeatedly over an extended period — from days to months or even years. Unlike a one-shot survey, it tracks within-person change, daily fluctuation, and temporal processes in natural settings, making it especially powerful for studying how phenomena evolve over time.	The diary method is a data-collection technique in which participants record their thoughts, behaviours, events, or experiences in their own words at regular or event-contingent intervals over a defined study period. By capturing data close in time to the event, diaries reduce retrospective recall bias and give researchers access to the texture of everyday life as it unfolds — something one-off surveys and retrospective interviews cannot provide.	A longitudinal survey collects structured questionnaire data from the same individuals or units at two or more distinct points in time. By tracking the same respondents across waves, researchers can distinguish genuine change from stable individual differences, establish temporal ordering between variables, and model trajectories of attitudes, behaviors, or outcomes in ways that a single cross-sectional snapshot cannot support.	The Mobile Diary Method is a longitudinal self-report technique in which participants record their thoughts, feelings, behaviors, or events using a smartphone app or mobile platform over a defined study period — ranging from days to months. Rooted in the classic diary method and the Experience Sampling Method, its mobile form enables real-time, in-context capture of experience, dramatically reducing retrospective recall bias compared to one-shot surveys or end-of-day questionnaires.