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| ロケーション・アロケーション・モデル× | サービスエリア分析× | |
|---|---|---|
| 分野 | 空間分析 | 空間分析 |
| 系統 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 提唱年≠ | 1963 | 2001 |
| 提唱者≠ | Leon Cooper; S. L. Hakimi | Harvey Miller & Shih-Lung Shaw |
| 種類≠ | Spatial facility-location optimization | Network GIS pipeline |
| 原典≠ | Cooper, L. (1963). Location-allocation problems. Operations Research, 11(3), 331–343. DOI ↗ | Miller, H. J., & Shaw, S.-L. (2001). Geographic Information Systems for Transportation: Principles and Applications. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0-19-512394-4 |
| 別名 | facility location, p-median problem, maximal covering location problem, yer-tahsis modelleri | Isochrone Analysis, Network Catchment Area Analysis, Travel-Time Polygon Analysis, Hizmet Alanı Analizi |
| 関連≠ | 4 | 3 |
| 概要≠ | Location-allocation models decide where to place a set of facilities and simultaneously assign demand points to them so as to optimize an objective such as total travel cost, worst-case distance, or population covered. Rooted in the operations-research work of Cooper (1963) and Hakimi (1964) and central to network GIS, they answer questions like where to site warehouses, hospitals, fire stations, or schools to best serve a spatially distributed population. | Service Area Analysis delineates the geographic region reachable from one or more origin facilities within a specified travel cost — typically time, distance, or generalized impedance — by traversing a real road or transit network. It is widely used by urban planners, public health officials, logistics managers, and emergency response coordinators who need to understand actual accessibility rather than simple straight-line buffers. |
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