手法を比較

	生細胞/死細胞アッセイ	MTT/MTSアッセイ
分野	生体材料学	生体材料学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2000	1983
提唱者	Invitrogen/Molecular Probes	Tatsuro Mosmann
種類	Dual-dye viability assay	Colorimetric assay
原典	Molecular Probes (2004). LIVE/DEAD Viability/Cytotoxicity Kit user guide. Invitrogen Corporation.	Mosmann, T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods, 65(1-2), 55-63.
別名	calcein-AM/propidium iodide, SYTO/PI staining, fluorescent viability stain	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, tetrazolium assay, mitochondrial activity assay
関連	4	4
概要	The Live/Dead assay is a fluorescence-based method for simultaneously identifying live and dead cells using two complementary dyes. The assay combines calcein-AM (or SYTO fluorophores), which generates bright green fluorescence in living cells with intact esterase activity, with propidium iodide (PI), which produces red fluorescence in dead cells with compromised membrane integrity. Commercially developed by Molecular Probes and now part of Thermo Fisher's portfolio, the Live/Dead kit is widely used to evaluate cell viability on biomaterial scaffolds, in tissue constructs, and following drug or toxin exposure.	The MTT assay, introduced by Tatsuro Mosmann in 1983, is a colorimetric method for quantifying cell viability and proliferation by measuring mitochondrial metabolic activity. The method detects the conversion of the water-soluble tetrazolium salt MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) by active mitochondria, producing an insoluble purple formazan precipitate proportional to the number of viable cells. The related MTS assay, which does not require solubilization, offers improved kinetics and is now widely adopted in both academic research and pharmaceutical development.