手法を比較

	最小費用経路 / 費用距離解析	理想解への類似性による優先順位決定法
分野	空間分析	意思決定
系統	Process / pipeline	MCDM
提唱年	1994	1981
提唱者	Edsger Dijkstra (shortest path); GIS cost-surface adaptation	Hwang, C. L., Yoon, K.
種類	Raster cost-surface routing	Distance-based (compromise)
原典	Dijkstra, E. W. (1959). A note on two problems in connexion with graphs. Numerische Mathematik, 1(1), 269–271.	Hwang, C. L., Yoon, K. (1981). Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications — A State-of-the-Art Survey. Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, Vol. 186, Springer-Verlag
別名	cost-distance analysis, accumulated cost surface, least-cost corridor, en düşük maliyetli yol	—
関連	3	8
概要	Least-cost path analysis finds the route between two locations that minimizes accumulated travel cost across a landscape, rather than minimizing straight-line distance. By encoding terrain, slope, land cover, and other frictions into a cost surface and accumulating cost outward from a source, it identifies optimal corridors for roads, pipelines, trails, power lines, and wildlife movement — a core raster-GIS technique built on Dijkstra's shortest-path logic.	TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Hwang, C. L., Yoon, K. in 1981. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.