手法を比較

	Land Value Capture Analysis	Accessibility Analysis
分野	Urban Studies	Human Geography
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2006	1959
提唱者	Jeffery J. Smith & Thomas A. Gihring (value-capture synthesis)	Walter G. Hansen
種類	Estimation of land/property value uplift attributable to public investment for value capture	Spatial index of the ease of reaching opportunities from a location
原典	Smith, J. J., & Gihring, T. A. (2006). Financing transit systems through value capture: An annotated bibliography. American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 65(3), 751–786.	Hansen, W. G. (1959). How accessibility shapes land use. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 25(2), 73–76.
別名	Value Capture Analysis, Land Value Uplift Estimation, Betterment Value Analysis, Transit Value Uplift Analysis	Hansen Accessibility, Gravity Accessibility Measure, Potential Accessibility, Spatial Accessibility Index
関連	4	4
概要	Land value capture analysis measures the increase in land and property values that a public investment — a new transit line, station, park, or rezoning — creates, so that some of that windfall can be recovered to help pay for the investment. Grounded in classical economics and synthesized for transit by Smith and Gihring, it isolates the value uplift attributable to the public action, usually with hedonic price models and quasi-experimental before/after comparisons, and then quantifies how large a capturable surplus exists. The logic is one of fairness and finance: when public spending lifts private land values, recovering part of the gain funds the public good that created it.	Accessibility analysis measures how easily opportunities — jobs, shops, clinics, parks — can be reached from a given location, combining the attractiveness (size) of destinations with the cost of travelling to them. The gravity-based formulation introduced by Walter Hansen in 1959 sums the opportunities at all destinations, each discounted by a distance-decay function of travel cost, producing a single accessibility score per origin that has become a foundational concept in transport geography and urban planning.