手法を比較

	集団間接触尺度	Social Cohesion Scale
分野	政治社会学	政治社会学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1954–2008	1997–2006
提唱者	Gordon Allport, Thomas Pettigrew, Linda Tropp	Robert Sampson, Ray Forrest, Akhtar Kearns
種類	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
原典	Allport, G. W. (1954). The nature of prejudice. Addison-Wesley.	Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S. W., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science, 277(5328), 918-924.
別名	ICS, Contact Quality Index	SCS, Social Integration Index
関連	5	5
概要	The Intergroup Contact Scale measures the quantity and quality of face-to-face interaction between members of different social groups (racial, ethnic, religious, national, or other categories). Rooted in Gordon Allport's contact hypothesis (1954), which proposed that prejudice decreases when groups interact under favorable conditions, the scale is fundamental in research on prejudice reduction, integration, and intergroup relations.	The Social Cohesion Scale measures the degree to which members of a community feel integrated, connected, and unified by shared values and mutual support. Developed across multiple traditions—notably by Robert Sampson and colleagues in criminology and urban sociology, and by Forrest & Kearns in housing research—it assesses both the structural glue (institutions, networks) and affective bonds (belonging, solidarity) that hold communities together.