手法を比較

	制度的エスノグラフィー	アクションリサーチ	Grounded Theory
分野	質的手法	質的研究	質的研究
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1970s–1987 (developed through the 1970s–80s; consolidated in Smith 1987, 2005)	1946	1967
提唱者	Dorothy E. Smith	Kurt Lewin; expanded by Kemmis, McTaggart, Reason & Bradbury	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss
種類	Qualitative research method	Method	Method
原典	Smith, D. E. (2005). Institutional Ethnography: A Sociology for People. AltaMira Press. ISBN: 978-0759105010	Lewin, K. (1946). Action research and minority problems. Journal of Social Issues, 2(4), 34–46.	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.
別名	IE, sociology for people, institutional ethnographic inquiry, Smith's institutional ethnography	Participatory Action Research, PAR, Collaborative Inquiry	GT, Grounded Theory Approach
関連	6	1	3
概要	Institutional Ethnography (IE) is a qualitative research method developed by Canadian sociologist Dorothy E. Smith that investigates how people's everyday lives are shaped and coordinated by institutional texts, rules, and relations of power. Starting from the lived experience of individuals in a particular standpoint, IE traces the social organization that governs their work and troubles — revealing how macro-level institutions operate through the micro-level activities of real people.	Action research is a collaborative research methodology in which researchers work with practitioners and community members to investigate a problem, implement change, and evaluate outcomes, cycling through reflection, action, and learning. Developed by Kurt Lewin (1946), action research bridges research and practice, aiming simultaneously to produce knowledge and practical improvement.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.