手法を比較

	独立標本t検定	対応のある標本t検定
分野	統計学	統計学
系統	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
提唱年	1908	1908
提唱者	Student (W. S. Gosset)	Student (W. S. Gosset)
種類	Parametric mean comparison	Parametric mean comparison
原典	Student (W. S. Gosset) (1908). The probable error of a mean. Biometrika, 6(1), 1–25.	Student (1908). The probable error of a mean. Biometrika, 6(1), 1–25.
別名	two-sample t-test, unpaired t-test, Student t-test, independent groups t-test	dependent t-test, matched pairs t-test, repeated measures t-test, within-subjects t-test
関連	4	3
概要	The independent samples t-test is a parametric hypothesis test that determines whether the means of two independent, unrelated groups differ significantly on a continuous outcome variable. Derived from Gosset's 1908 t-distribution, it is one of the most widely used inferential tests in social, behavioral, biomedical, and experimental sciences.	The paired samples t-test is a parametric hypothesis test that compares the means of two related measurements from the same subjects or matched pairs to determine whether the average difference is significantly different from zero. It leverages the dependency between observations to produce a more powerful test than its independent-samples counterpart.