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| インピーダンス管× | 聴覚心理学的マスキング× | |
|---|---|---|
| 分野 | 音響学 | 音響学 |
| 系統 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 提唱年≠ | 1866 | 1961 |
| 提唱者≠ | August Kundt | Eberhard Zwicker |
| 種類≠ | Acoustic absorption measurement | Perceptual model for audio systems |
| 原典≠ | ASTM E1050-19 (2019). Standard Test Method for Impedance and Absorption of Acoustical Materials Using a Tube, Two Microphone and a Digital Frequency Analysis System. American Society for Testing and Materials. link ↗ | Zwicker, E., & Scharf, B. (1965). Psychoacoustics: Facts and Models. Springer-Verlag. ISBN: 978-3540631644 |
| 別名 | kundt tube, resonance tube, acoustic absorption, sound absorption coefficient | masking, temporal masking, frequency masking, auditory masking |
| 関連 | 5 | 5 |
| 概要≠ | An impedance tube (or Kundt tube) is a laboratory apparatus for measuring the acoustic absorption coefficient and surface impedance of materials. Originally developed by August Kundt in 1866, the technique has been standardized by ASTM and ISO for characterizing noise-control and acoustic-treatment materials. The impedance tube method is simple, portable, and cost-effective, making it the industry standard for pre-design acoustic material selection and quality control. | Psychoacoustic masking describes how the human auditory system suppresses the perception of weak sounds in the presence of stronger sounds. Formalized by Eberhard Zwicker in the 1960s, masking is a fundamental phenomenon in hearing and the basis for perceptual audio coding (MP3, AAC, OPUS). Masking occurs both in frequency (spectral masking) and time (temporal masking), and understanding these effects enables efficient audio compression and realistic sound design. |
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