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| ハフモデル× | ロケーション・アロケーション・モデル× | |
|---|---|---|
| 分野 | 空間分析 | 空間分析 |
| 系統≠ | Regression model | Process / pipeline |
| 提唱年≠ | 1964 | 1963 |
| 提唱者≠ | David Huff | Leon Cooper; S. L. Hakimi |
| 種類≠ | Probabilistic spatial interaction model | Spatial facility-location optimization |
| 原典≠ | Huff, D. L. (1964). Defining and estimating a trading area. Journal of Marketing, 28(3), 34–38. DOI ↗ | Cooper, L. (1963). Location-allocation problems. Operations Research, 11(3), 331–343. DOI ↗ |
| 別名 | Huff Gravity Model, Probabilistic Retail Gravity Model, Huff Trade Area Model, Huff Çekim Modeli | facility location, p-median problem, maximal covering location problem, yer-tahsis modelleri |
| 関連≠ | 3 | 4 |
| 概要≠ | Proposed by David Huff in 1964, the Huff Model is a probabilistic spatial interaction model that estimates the likelihood that consumers located in a given geographic zone will choose to shop at a particular retail outlet. It extends deterministic gravity models by assigning each consumer zone a probability of patronage across all competing stores, weighting store attractiveness (typically measured by floor area) against the friction of travel time or distance. The model is widely used in retail site selection, trade area delineation, and market share forecasting. | Location-allocation models decide where to place a set of facilities and simultaneously assign demand points to them so as to optimize an objective such as total travel cost, worst-case distance, or population covered. Rooted in the operations-research work of Cooper (1963) and Hakimi (1964) and central to network GIS, they answer questions like where to site warehouses, hospitals, fire stations, or schools to best serve a spatially distributed population. |
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