手法を比較

	フィッシャーの正確確率検定	Cochran's Q検定	マクネマー検定
分野	統計学	統計学	統計学
系統	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
提唱年	1922	1950	1947
提唱者	R. A. Fisher	William G. Cochran	Quinn McNemar
種類	Exact test of independence for categorical data	Nonparametric proportions comparison	Nonparametric test for paired binary data
原典	Fisher, R. A. (1922). On the interpretation of chi-squared from contingency tables, and the calculation of P. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 85(1), 87–94.	Cochran, W. G. (1950). The comparison of percentages in matched samples. Biometrika, 37(3–4), 256–266.	McNemar, Q. (1947). Note on the sampling error of the difference between correlated proportions or percentages. Psychometrika, 12(2), 153–157.
別名	Fisher-Irwin test, exact test of independence, Fisher'ın Kesin Testi	Cochran Q Testi, Cochran's Q, Q test for related proportions	McNemar chi-square test, test for correlated proportions, paired binary test, McNemar Testi
関連	2	4	5
概要	Fisher's exact test is a nonparametric exact-probability test of independence for small-sample contingency tables, introduced by R. A. Fisher in 1922. Rather than relying on a large-sample approximation, it computes the exact probability of the observed table directly from the hypergeometric distribution.	Cochran's Q test is a nonparametric hypothesis test introduced by William G. Cochran in 1950 for comparing proportions across three or more related binary measurements. It extends McNemar's test to the multiple-condition case and is the method of choice when every participant is observed under each condition and the outcome is recorded as a simple success/failure (1/0).	McNemar's test is a nonparametric hypothesis test that compares two paired (correlated) binary proportions, such as a yes/no measurement taken on the same subjects before and after an intervention. It was introduced by Quinn McNemar in 1947 and works on the 2×2 table of matched outcomes.