手法を比較

	一次信頼性解析法（FORM）	Response Surface Desirability Function
分野	信頼性工学	信頼性工学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1969	1951
提唱者	Allin Cornell	George Box and Kenneth Wilson
種類	Reliability analysis method	Optimization methodology
原典	Cornell, C. A. (1969). A probability-based structural code. Journal of the American Concrete Institute, 66(12), 974-985.	Box, G. E. P., & Wilson, K. B. (1951). On the experimental attainment of optimum conditions. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 13(1), 1-45.
別名	FORM, First-order second-moment method	RSM, Desirability function, Multi-response optimization
関連	4	4
概要	The First-Order Reliability Method (FORM) is a probabilistic technique for estimating the probability of structural failure given uncertain input parameters. Developed by Allin Cornell in 1969 and refined by Hasofer and Lind in 1974, FORM provides a computationally efficient approximation to the true failure probability by linearizing the limit-state function at the most probable failure point. It has become the cornerstone of modern structural reliability analysis and risk-based design.	Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a set of statistical and mathematical techniques for modeling and optimizing processes with multiple inputs (factors) and outputs (responses). The Desirability Function approach, introduced by Harrington (1965) and refined by Derringer and Suich (1980), extends RSM to solve multi-response optimization problems by combining competing objectives into a single index. This methodology is essential in product and process development where engineers must balance performance, cost, and reliability.