手法を比較

	フィールドベース・クラスターサンプリング	単純無作為抽出法
分野	調査方法論	調査方法論
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1950s (theory); 1970s–1980s (field survey practice)	Early 20th century; systematized by Cochran 1953/1977
提唱者	William G. Cochran (theoretical foundations); WHO EPI programme (field application)	William Gosset, Jerzy Neyman, and formalized by William Cochran
種類	Probability sampling design	Probability sampling design
原典	World Health Organization. (1991). Training for mid-level managers: The EPI coverage survey. WHO/EPI/MLM/91.10. World Health Organization.	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407
別名	field cluster sampling, in-field cluster sampling, area cluster sampling (field), field survey cluster design	SRS, unrestricted random sampling, equal-probability sampling, EPSEM
関連	6	6
概要	Field-based cluster sampling is a probability sampling method in which naturally occurring geographic or administrative groups (clusters) are first randomly selected, and then data are collected in person from units within those clusters. It is the standard design for large-scale field surveys in public health, agriculture, education, and humanitarian response, where compiling a full population list is impractical but clusters such as villages, schools, or census tracts can be identified and physically accessed.	Simple random sampling (SRS) is the foundational probability sampling method in which every unit in the population has an equal and independent chance of being selected. Because selection is governed purely by chance, SRS eliminates systematic bias, supports unbiased estimation of population parameters, and provides the statistical baseline against which all more complex probability designs are evaluated.