手法を比較

	要因多腕試験	要因実験
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1926 (factorial basis); multi-arm factorial trials formalized 1980s–1990s	1926–1935
提唱者	R. A. Fisher (factorial foundations); multi-arm extension established in clinical trial methodology	Ronald A. Fisher
種類	Experimental design	Quantitative experimental design
原典	Montgomery, D. C. (2017). Design and Analysis of Experiments (9th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-1119492443	Fisher, R. A. (1935). The Design of Experiments. Oliver and Boyd.
別名	multi-arm factorial trial, factorial multi-arm trial, multi-arm factorial experiment, MAFT	factorial design, factorial ANOVA design, multi-factor experiment, crossed-factor design
関連	6	6
概要	A factorial multi-arm experiment simultaneously tests multiple factors (each at two or more levels) by assigning participants to distinct arms that represent unique combinations of those factors. This design efficiently estimates the independent main effects of each factor and their interactions, all within a single study — making it far more informative than running separate one-factor experiments.	A factorial experiment is an experimental design in which two or more independent variables (factors) are manipulated simultaneously, and every combination of their levels is tested. Introduced by Ronald Fisher in the 1920s–1930s, it is the standard approach whenever a researcher needs to detect not only the main effect of each factor but also whether the effect of one factor depends on the level of another — the interaction effect.