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	施設レイアウト（SLP）	組立ラインバランス調整
分野	オペレーションズ・マネジメント	オペレーションズ・マネジメント
系統	Machine learning	Machine learning
提唱年	1973	2010
提唱者	Muther, R.	Scholl, A.
種類	Layout design methodology	Optimization problem
原典	Muther, R. (1973). Systematic layout planning (2nd ed.). Boston: Cahners Books.	Scholl, A. (2010). Balancing and sequencing of assembly lines. Physica-Verlag.
別名	SLP, plant layout	line balancing, workload balancing
関連	5	5
概要	Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) is a structured methodology developed by Richard Muther in the 1960s–1970s for designing optimal plant and facility layouts. The approach systematizes the consideration of material flow, personnel movement, equipment relationships, and space constraints to minimize material handling costs, improve safety, and enhance flexibility. SLP has become the foundational framework for facility design in manufacturing, warehousing, and service environments.	Assembly Line Balancing is the problem of distributing a sequence of assembly tasks across a series of workstations on a production line such that work is evenly distributed, idle time is minimized, and throughput constraints are satisfied. The goal is to assign tasks to stations such that the total work time at each station is as equal as possible, optimizing for production rate (cycle time) and resource utilization. This is a classic optimization problem in manufacturing, solved through heuristic and exact algorithms, essential to the efficiency of mass production systems.