手法を比較

	対面式構造化インタビュー	半構造化インタビュー
分野	調査方法論	質的手法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	Mid-20th century (formalized 1950s–1960s)	1946 (Merton & Kendall); codified as a standard method through the 1980s–1990s
提唱者	Cannell, Kahn, and survey methodology tradition	Robert K. Merton and Patricia Kendall (focused interview, 1946); further systematised by Steinar Kvale
種類	Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection	Qualitative research method
原典	Groves, R. M., Fowler, F. J., Couper, M. P., Lepkowski, J. M., Singer, E., & Tourangeau, R. (2009). Survey Methodology (2nd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0470465462	Kvale, S., & Brinkmann, S. (2009). InterViews: Learning the Craft of Qualitative Research Interviewing (2nd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-0761925422
別名	FTFSI, personal interview, in-person structured interview, face-to-face survey interview	guided interview, semi-standardized interview, focused interview, SSI
関連	5	6
概要	A face-to-face structured interview is a data collection method in which a trained interviewer meets each respondent in person and asks a fixed set of questions in a predetermined order, recording responses verbatim or using a closed-response format. It combines the response-rate advantages of personal contact with the standardization of a fixed instrument, making it a cornerstone of large-scale social, health, and policy surveys.	The semi-structured interview is a qualitative data-collection method in which the researcher prepares a set of key questions or topic areas in advance but remains free to probe, follow up, and reorder as the conversation evolves. Unlike structured interviews — which fix every question and sequence — or unstructured interviews — which are entirely open — the semi-structured format balances comparability across participants with the flexibility needed to capture the depth and nuance of individual perspectives. It is the most widely used interview format in social science, health, and education research.