手法を比較

	エスノグラフィー	混合研究法
分野	質的手法	質的手法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)	—
提唱者	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology	—
種類	Qualitative fieldwork tradition	Research design framework
原典	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462	Creswell, J.W. & Plano Clark, V.L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379
別名	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research	Karma Yöntem Araştırması (Mixed Methods), multi-method research, triangulation design
関連	5	4
概要	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.	Mixed methods research is a systematic research design in which quantitative and qualitative data are collected and analysed within a single study. Formalised by Creswell and Plano Clark (2003, 3rd ed. 2018), it offers three principal design variants — concurrent, sequential, and transformative — and strengthens findings through triangulation across both data strands.