手法を比較

	Ecomap Analysis	Genogram Analysis	Goal Attainment Scaling
分野	Social Work	Social Work	Social Work
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1978	2008	1968
提唱者	Ann Hartman	Monica McGoldrick & Randy Gerson (standardized notation); Murray Bowen (theoretical roots)	Thomas J. Kiresuk & Robert E. Sherman
種類	Graphical, qualitative person-in-environment assessment tool	Graphical, qualitative family-assessment tool	Individualized, criterion-referenced outcome measurement procedure
原典	Hartman, A. (1978). Diagrammatic assessment of family relationships. Social Casework, 59(8), 465–476.	McGoldrick, M., Gerson, R., & Petry, S. (2008). Genograms: Assessment and Intervention (3rd ed.). W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN: 9780393705096	Kiresuk, T. J., & Sherman, R. E. (1968). Goal attainment scaling: A general method for evaluating comprehensive community mental health programs. Community Mental Health Journal, 4(6), 443–453.
別名	Ecomap, Eco-Map, Ecological Map, Hartman Ecomap	Genogram, Family Genogram, Family Diagram, McGoldrick Genogram	GAS, Goal Attainment Scale, Kiresuk-Sherman Goal Attainment Scaling, Individualized Goal Scaling
関連	3	3	3
概要	An ecomap is a graphical map of a household or individual set within their social environment, showing the connections between the focal system and the external systems around it — extended family, work, school, health care, friends, agencies, religion, and recreation — and coding each connection as strong, tenuous, or stressful, with arrows for the flow of energy and resources. Ecomap analysis is the practice of drawing and interpreting this map to assess the person-in-environment, the central organizing concept of social work. It was introduced by Ann Hartman in 1978.	A genogram is a graphical map of a family across at least three generations that uses standardized symbols to record its structure, key biographical and medical events, and the quality of relationships among members. Genogram analysis is the practice of constructing such a map with a client and then interpreting it to reveal intergenerational patterns — of illness, relationships, roles, conflict, and resilience — that shape the presenting situation. Standardized by Monica McGoldrick and Randy Gerson and grounded in Bowen family-systems theory, it is a staple qualitative assessment tool in social work and family therapy.	Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) is a method for measuring the outcomes of an individualized intervention by writing, in advance, a small set of client-specific goals and defining for each a graded scale of possible outcomes from much worse than expected to much better than expected. After the intervention, the actual outcome on each goal is scored on this scale and the scores are combined into a single standardized index, allowing idiosyncratic, personally meaningful goals to be aggregated and compared across clients and programs. It was introduced by Thomas Kiresuk and Robert Sherman in 1968 to evaluate community mental health programs.