手法を比較

	エコロジカル・フットプリント会計	ライフサイクルアセスメント（LCA）	LMDI分解
分野	持続可能性	持続可能性	持続可能性
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Regression model
提唱年	1996	2009	2005
提唱者	Mathis Wackernagel & William Rees	ISO 14040 framework; Finnveden et al.	B. W. Ang
種類	Environmental accounting indicator	Environmental impact accounting pipeline	Index-based factor decomposition
原典	Wackernagel, M., & Rees, W. (1996). Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth. New Society Publishers. ISBN: 978-0-86571-312-3	Finnveden, G., et al. (2009). Recent developments in life cycle assessment. Journal of Environmental Management, 91(1), 1–21.	Ang, B. W. (2005). The LMDI approach to decomposition analysis: a practical guide. Energy Policy, 33(7), 867–871.
別名	EFA, Ecological Footprint Analysis, Biocapacity Accounting, Ekolojik Ayak İzi	Life Cycle Analysis, Cradle-to-Grave Analysis, Ecobalance, Yaşam Döngüsü Değerlendirmesi	Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index, LMDI-I Additive Decomposition, LMDI-II Multiplicative Decomposition, Logaritmik Ortalama Divisia İndeksi
関連	2	3	2
概要	Ecological Footprint Accounting (EFA) is a resource accounting framework that measures how much biologically productive land and water area a human population requires to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb the waste it generates. Introduced by Mathis Wackernagel and William Rees in 1996, it compares human demand on nature against Earth's regenerative capacity, expressed in standardized global hectares (gha).	Life Cycle Assessment is a systematic, ISO-standardized methodology for quantifying the environmental impacts of a product, process, or service across its entire life span — from raw material extraction through production, use, and end-of-life disposal. Codified in ISO 14040 and ISO 14044, and comprehensively reviewed by Finnveden et al. (2009), LCA enables decision-makers to compare alternatives, identify environmental hotspots, and support eco-design, with applications spanning products, buildings, energy systems, and public policy.	Log-Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) Decomposition is a quantitative technique for attributing changes in an aggregate indicator — most commonly energy consumption or CO₂ emissions — to its underlying driving factors, such as activity level, structural mix, and intensity. Introduced in its definitive practical form by B. W. Ang in 2005, LMDI builds on Divisia index theory and uses the logarithmic mean as a weighting function to achieve a mathematically perfect, residual-free decomposition.