手法を比較

	動的因果モデリング	グラフ脳ネットワーク分析	構造方程式モデリング
分野	神経画像学	神経画像学	研究統計
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2003	2009	1921
提唱者	Karl J. Friston	Ed Bullmore	Sewall Wright
種類	Causal modeling pipeline for neuroimaging	Brain network graph analysis pipeline	Method
原典	Friston, K. J., Harrison, L., & Penny, W. (2003). Dynamic causal modelling. NeuroImage, 19(4), 1273–1302.	Bullmore, E., & Sporns, O. (2009). Complex brain networks: graph theoretical analysis of structural and functional systems. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 10(3), 186–198.	Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1973). LISREL: A general computer program for estimating a linear structural equation system. Research Bulletin 73-5. University of Stockholm.
別名	DCM, Dynamic Causal Model	graph theory, brain network analysis, network neuroscience	SEM, path analysis, latent variable modeling, causal modeling
関連	2	3	3
概要	Dynamic Causal Modeling (DCM) is a Bayesian framework for specifying and inverting generative models of brain connectivity from neuroimaging data. Introduced by Karl Friston and colleagues in 2003, DCM treats brain regions as dynamical systems and estimates effective connectivity by fitting observed fMRI time series to a biophysically plausible model of neuronal interactions.	Graph Theoretical Brain Network Analysis applies network science to understand brain organization, treating the brain as a complex network of interconnected nodes (regions) and edges (connections). Formalized by Bullmore and Sporns in 2009, graph analysis reveals fundamental organizational principles—modularity, efficiency, resilience—that characterize healthy and diseased brains.	Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a comprehensive statistical framework combining path analysis (Sewall Wright, 1921) and confirmatory factor analysis to test complex causal models linking observed and latent variables. Formalized by Jöreskog (1973) with LISREL software, SEM enables simultaneous estimation of measurement relationships (how variables measure latent constructs) and structural relationships (how constructs influence outcomes), making it powerful for theory testing in psychology, epidemiology, organizational research, and health sciences where complex mediation, moderation, and latent processes require integrated analysis.