手法を比較

	二重に頑健な推定量（AIPW）	異質的処置効果（CATE / メタ学習器）
分野	因果推論	因果推論
系統	Regression model	Regression model
提唱年	2005	2018
提唱者	Robins & Rotnitzky; Bang & Robins	Wager & Athey (causal forest); Künzel et al. (meta-learners)
種類	Semiparametric causal estimator	Causal machine-learning framework
原典	Robins, J. M. & Rotnitzky, A. (1995). Semiparametric Efficiency in Multivariate Regression Models with Missing Data. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 90(429), 122-129.	Wager, S. & Athey, S. (2018). Estimation and Inference of Heterogeneous Treatment Effects using Random Forests. Journal of the American Statistical Association.
別名	AIPW, augmented inverse probability weighting, doubly robust estimator, Çift Gürbüz Kestirici (Augmented IPW / AIPW)	conditional average treatment effect, CATE, meta-learners, causal forest
関連	5	5
概要	Doubly Robust Estimation, also called Augmented Inverse Probability Weighting (AIPW), is a semiparametric method for estimating causal treatment effects that combines an outcome regression model with a propensity (treatment) model. Developed in the work of Robins & Rotnitzky (1995) and Bang & Robins (2005), it stays consistent as long as at least one of the two models is correctly specified.	Heterogeneous Treatment Effects is a machine-learning framework that estimates how a treatment effect varies across individuals — the conditional average treatment effect (CATE). It bundles meta-learner strategies such as the T-Learner, S-Learner, X-Learner and R-Learner alongside the causal forest of Wager and Athey (2018) and Künzel et al. (2019).