手法を比較

	二重盲検法実験室実験	ランダム化比較試験 (RCT)
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Hypothesis test
提唱年	Mid-20th century (widespread adoption ~1950s onward)	1948
提唱者	Rooted in 19th-century pharmacological and psychological research traditions; systematized in clinical and experimental science through the 20th century	James Lind (early precursor, 1747); modern formulation: Austin Bradford Hill & Medical Research Council (1948)
種類	Controlled experimental design with blinding	Interventional comparative study
原典	Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN: 978-0395615560	Schulz, K.F., Altman, D.G., Moher, D., for the CONSORT Group (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomised Trials. BMJ, 340, c332.
別名	double-blind lab experiment, double-masked laboratory experiment, DB lab experiment, double-blind controlled lab study	RCT, randomised controlled trial, clinical trial, Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma (RCT) Tasarımı
関連	5	7
概要	A double-blind laboratory experiment is a controlled experimental design conducted in a laboratory setting in which neither the participants nor the researchers directly administering the treatment know which condition each participant has been assigned to. This dual blinding, combined with the high degree of environmental control characteristic of laboratory settings, minimizes both participant expectancy effects and experimenter bias, making it one of the most rigorous designs available for isolating causal relationships between independent and dependent variables.	A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard experimental design in clinical and health research, in which participants are randomly allocated to a treatment group or a control group so that the effect of an intervention can be measured with the highest possible degree of internal validity. The modern parallel-group RCT was formalized by Austin Bradford Hill and the Medical Research Council in their landmark streptomycin trial of 1948, and its reporting is governed today by the CONSORT 2010 guidelines (Schulz et al., 2010).