手法を比較

	二重盲検対照実験計画法	ランダム化比較試験 (RCT)
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Hypothesis test
提唱年	1930s–1950s (formalized in clinical trial methodology)	1948
提唱者	R. A. Fisher (experimental control foundations); blinding practices evolved in clinical research through the 20th century	James Lind (early precursor, 1747); modern formulation: Austin Bradford Hill & Medical Research Council (1948)
種類	Experimental research design	Interventional comparative study
原典	Fisher, R. A. (1935). The Design of Experiments. Oliver and Boyd.	Schulz, K.F., Altman, D.G., Moher, D., for the CONSORT Group (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomised Trials. BMJ, 340, c332.
別名	double-blind controlled experiment, DB-CG design, double-masked controlled trial, double-blind controlled study	RCT, randomised controlled trial, clinical trial, Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma (RCT) Tasarımı
関連	5	7
概要	A double-blind control group experimental design is a rigorous experimental structure in which participants are randomly assigned to at least one treatment group and one control group, while both the participants and the researchers collecting or assessing outcomes are kept unaware of group assignment. By combining allocation concealment with blinding at two levels, the design minimizes expectancy bias, placebo effects, and assessor bias simultaneously, making it a cornerstone of high-quality intervention research in medicine, psychology, and the social sciences.	A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard experimental design in clinical and health research, in which participants are randomly allocated to a treatment group or a control group so that the effect of an intervention can be measured with the highest possible degree of internal validity. The modern parallel-group RCT was formalized by Austin Bradford Hill and the Medical Research Council in their landmark streptomycin trial of 1948, and its reporting is governed today by the CONSORT 2010 guidelines (Schulz et al., 2010).