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	記述統計	Gender Gap Decomposition
分野	統計学	Gender Studies
系統	Hypothesis test	Regression model
提唱年	1977	1973
提唱者	John W. Tukey	Ronald Oaxaca & Alan Blinder
種類	Summary procedure	Regression-based decomposition of a mean group difference
原典	Tukey, J.W. (1977). Exploratory Data Analysis. Addison-Wesley. ISBN: 978-0201076165	Oaxaca, R. (1973). Male-female wage differentials in urban labor markets. International Economic Review, 14(3), 693–709.
別名	summary statistics, exploratory data summary, Betimsel İstatistik	Oaxaca-Blinder Decomposition, Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition, Wage Gap Decomposition
関連	6	3
概要	Descriptive statistics is a set of procedures that numerically and visually summarises the essential characteristics of a dataset: central tendency (mean, median, mode), spread (standard deviation, interquartile range), shape (skewness, kurtosis), and frequency distributions. Systematised for applied data analysis by John W. Tukey in his 1977 work on Exploratory Data Analysis, descriptive statistics serves as the indispensable first step before any inferential or modelling procedure.	Gender gap decomposition, most often implemented as the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, splits the mean difference in an outcome such as wages between men and women into a part explained by differences in measured characteristics (education, experience, occupation) and an unexplained residual part attributed to differences in how those characteristics are rewarded. Introduced independently by Ronald Oaxaca and Alan Blinder in 1973, it is the workhorse method for quantifying how much of the gender pay gap reflects composition versus differential treatment.