手法を比較

	デルファイ法	フォーカスグループリサーチ
分野	調査方法論	質的手法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1950s–1963	1940s (sociological origin); modern applied form from the 1980s–1990s
提唱者	Norman Dalkey and Olaf Helmer (RAND Corporation)	Robert K. Merton (sociological precursor, 1940s); popularised in applied research by Richard A. Krueger
種類	Iterative expert consensus technique	Qualitative data collection method
原典	Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1963). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458–467.	Krueger, R.A. & Casey, M.A. (2014). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research (5th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483365244
別名	Delphi method, Delphi survey, expert consensus method, iterative expert panel	focus group discussion, FGD, group interview, Odak Grup Araştırması
関連	6	6
概要	The Delphi technique is a structured, multi-round data collection method that harvests and refines expert opinion through iterative questionnaires and controlled feedback. Developed at RAND Corporation in the 1950s, it is designed to converge a dispersed expert panel toward a reliable consensus on complex, uncertain, or future-oriented questions — without the conformity pressures of face-to-face group discussion.	Focus group research is a qualitative data-collection method in which a trained moderator guides structured discussions with homogeneous groups of six to ten participants to explore ideas, attitudes, and perceptions on a defined topic. Developed from sociological roots in the 1940s and systematised for applied research by Krueger and Casey, the method leverages group interaction as a data source — revealing not just what people think, but how they negotiate and articulate views in a social setting.