手法を比較

	ヘルシンキ宣言	ベルモント報告書
分野	研究倫理	研究倫理
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1964	1979
提唱者	World Medical Association (WMA)	National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research (US DHEW)
種類	Framework	Framework
原典	World Medical Association. (2013). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. JAMA, 310(20), 2191–2194.	National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. (1979). The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
別名	DoH, Helsinki Declaration	Belmont Principles, Three Ethical Principles
関連	4	5
概要	The Declaration of Helsinki (1964) is the foundational international ethical code for medical research involving human subjects, established by the World Medical Association. It extended earlier principles (Nuremberg Code 1947) to include therapeutic research and formalized the physician's ethical duty to prioritize subject welfare. Updated nine times through 2013, it remains the standard adopted by major medical journals, research ethics committees, and regulatory bodies worldwide.	The Belmont Report (1979) is the foundational US ethical framework for human subjects research, established by the National Commission following the Tuskegee Syphilis Study scandal. It articulates three core principles—Respect for Persons, Beneficence, and Justice—that form the basis for institutional review and regulatory oversight of human research globally. Every researcher conducting human studies must understand and apply these principles.