手法を比較

	クロスオーバー適応実験	複数ベースラインデザイン
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	Late 1990s–2000s	1968
提唱者	Developed through convergence of crossover trial methodology (Senn, Williams) and adaptive design methods (Bauer, Köhne, Chow, Chang)	Donald M. Baer, Montrose M. Wolf, Todd R. Risley
種類	Experimental design — hybrid adaptive/crossover	Single-subject experimental design
原典	Chow, S.-C., & Chang, M. (2008). Adaptive Design Methods in Clinical Trials. Chapman & Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584888468	Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M., & Risley, T. R. (1968). Some current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1(1), 91–97.
別名	adaptive crossover trial, adaptive crossover design, crossover adaptive trial, ACE design	MBD, multiple-baseline single-case design, staggered baseline design, multiple-probe design
関連	5	4
概要	An adaptive crossover experiment combines the within-subject efficiency of crossover designs — where each participant receives multiple treatments in sequence — with pre-specified adaptive rules that allow trial parameters to be modified based on interim data. Each participant acts as their own control across treatment periods, while ongoing accumulating evidence can trigger pre-planned changes such as sample size re-estimation, treatment arm dropping, or allocation ratio adjustment, all governed by a formal adaptation plan to preserve inferential validity.	The multiple baseline design is a single-subject experimental design that demonstrates functional control by introducing an intervention at staggered time points across two or more baselines — typically across different behaviors, individuals, or settings. Because no withdrawal of treatment is required, it is especially suitable when the target behavior is irreversible or when removing an effective intervention would be unethical.