手法を比較

	クロスオーバーABABデザイン	ランダム化比較試験 (RCT)
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Hypothesis test
提唱年	1960s–1970s	1948
提唱者	Murray Sidman and colleagues in applied behavior analysis	James Lind (early precursor, 1747); modern formulation: Austin Bradford Hill & Medical Research Council (1948)
種類	Single-subject experimental design	Interventional comparative study
原典	Barlow, D. H., Nock, M. K., & Hersen, M. (2009). Single Case Experimental Designs: Strategies for Studying Behavior Change (3rd ed.). Pearson. ISBN: 978-0205474929	Schulz, K.F., Altman, D.G., Moher, D., for the CONSORT Group (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomised Trials. BMJ, 340, c332.
別名	ABAB reversal design, reversal design, withdrawal design, ABAB single-subject design	RCT, randomised controlled trial, clinical trial, Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma (RCT) Tasarımı
関連	2	7
概要	The crossover ABAB design is a single-subject experimental design that alternates between baseline (A) and intervention (B) conditions twice within the same participant. By withdrawing and reintroducing the treatment, the researcher can demonstrate experimental control: if behavior improves with B and reverts with A, the causal link between the intervention and the outcome is established without a separate control group.	A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard experimental design in clinical and health research, in which participants are randomly allocated to a treatment group or a control group so that the effect of an intervention can be measured with the highest possible degree of internal validity. The modern parallel-group RCT was formalized by Austin Bradford Hill and the Medical Research Council in their landmark streptomycin trial of 1948, and its reporting is governed today by the CONSORT 2010 guidelines (Schulz et al., 2010).