手法を比較

	費用対効果分析 (CEA)	障害調整生存年 (DALY)
分野	医療経済学	医療経済学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1984	1990
提唱者	Drummond & Stoddart (Health Economics Research Group, McMaster University)	Christopher J. L. Murray and Alan D. Lopez (World Health Organization / World Bank)
種類	Method	Method
原典	Gold, M. R., Siegel, J. E., Russell, L. B., & Weinstein, M. C. (Eds.). (1996). Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. New York: Oxford University Press.	Murray, C. J., Lopez, A. D., & Jamison, D. T. (1994). The Global Burden of Disease in 1990: Summary Results, Sensitivity Analysis, and Future Directions. In C. J. Murray & A. D. Lopez (Eds.), Global Burden of Disease and Injury. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
別名	CEA, ICER, Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio	DALY, global disease burden metric, burden of disease
関連	5	5
概要	Cost-effectiveness analysis compares the incremental cost per unit of health benefit gained by one intervention relative to a comparator (standard care or best alternative). Developed rigorously in the 1980s by Drummond, Stoddart, and colleagues, CEA is now the standard framework for technology appraisal globally. NICE, HAS, CADTH, and other health technology assessment bodies use CEA to decide which treatments warrant public funding and at what price.	A DALY quantifies disease burden as the sum of years of life lost to premature death and years lived with disability. Developed by the World Health Organization and World Bank in 1990 as part of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, DALYs enable epidemiologists and public health planners to compare disease burden across populations, identify health priorities, and evaluate intervention impact. One DALY = one lost year of 'healthy' life; DALYs averted measure progress toward health goals.