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	コーパス言語学	内部再構
分野	言語学	言語学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1980	1891
提唱者	John Sinclair	Henry Heffner Hock
種類	Empirical process pipeline	Empirical process pipeline
原典	Sinclair, J. M. (1991). Corpus, Concordance, Collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.	Hock, H. H. (1991). Principles of Historical Linguistics (2nd ed.). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
別名	Corpus Analysis, Corpora Studies	Interlingual Reconstruction, Diachronic Morphology
関連	1	3
概要	Corpus Linguistics is the study of language based on large, representative collections of texts (corpora) processed by computer. Pioneered by John Sinclair and others, the method uses statistical analysis, concordancing, and computational tools to examine patterns of actual language use. Corpus linguistics has transformed our understanding of English and other languages, revealing frequency patterns, collocation preferences, and register variation that were previously hidden. It serves theoretical linguistics, applied language teaching, and natural language processing.	Internal Reconstruction is a historical linguistic method that reconstructs earlier stages of a single language by identifying internal inconsistencies, morphological irregularities, and distributional patterns within the language itself. Unlike the Comparative Method, which relies on comparing related languages, Internal Reconstruction uses evidence from within one language—such as suppletive forms, analogy-induced irregularities, and phonological asymmetries—to infer its historical structure and sound changes. This method is particularly valuable when only one written form of a language survives or when related languages are unavailable.