手法を比較

	統制群実験計画	要因実験
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1935 (Fisher); 1963 (Campbell & Stanley codification)	1926–1935
提唱者	Ronald A. Fisher; systematised by Donald T. Campbell & Julian C. Stanley	Ronald A. Fisher
種類	Experimental research design	Quantitative experimental design
原典	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.	Fisher, R. A. (1935). The Design of Experiments. Oliver and Boyd.
別名	controlled experiment, true experimental design, randomized controlled design, treatment-control design	factorial design, factorial ANOVA design, multi-factor experiment, crossed-factor design
関連	4	6
概要	Control group experimental design is a fundamental experimental structure in which participants are assigned to at least two groups — a treatment group that receives the intervention and a control group that does not — so that the effect of the intervention can be isolated by comparing outcomes across groups. Randomisation of assignment strengthens causal inference by balancing known and unknown confounders.	A factorial experiment is an experimental design in which two or more independent variables (factors) are manipulated simultaneously, and every combination of their levels is tested. Introduced by Ronald Fisher in the 1920s–1930s, it is the standard approach whenever a researcher needs to detect not only the main effect of each factor but also whether the effect of one factor depends on the level of another — the interaction effect.