手法を比較

	コンピュータ適応型テスト項目分析	項目応答理論における項目特性曲線（ICC）の差
分野	心理測定学	心理測定学
系統	Latent structure	Latent structure
提唱年	1970s–1990s	1970s–1993
提唱者	Lord, Weiss, and colleagues in psychometric research on adaptive testing	William H. Angoff and colleagues (ETS); systematized by Holland & Wainer
種類	Item calibration and evaluation	Item-level bias detection
原典	van der Linden, W. J. & Glas, C. A. W. (Eds.) (2000). Computerized Adaptive Testing: Theory and Practice. Kluwer Academic Publishers. ISBN: 978-0792365556	Holland, P. W. & Wainer, H. (Eds.) (1993). Differential Item Functioning. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805809589
別名	CAT item analysis, adaptive item calibration, IRT-based CAT item evaluation, adaptive item parameter estimation	DIF, item bias analysis, measurement non-equivalence, item-level measurement bias
関連	6	5
概要	Computerized adaptive test item analysis evaluates and calibrates items intended for use in adaptive testing environments. Unlike fixed-form analysis, it accounts for the non-random item exposure inherent in adaptive administration, using item response theory to estimate item parameters, information functions, and exposure rates across the ability continuum.	Differential item functioning identifies test or survey items that behave differently for examinees from different groups — such as gender, ethnicity, or language background — after controlling for the underlying ability or trait being measured. DIF analysis is essential for fairness evaluation in educational testing and psychological scale development.