手法を比較

	比較類型分析	比較歴史アーカイブ研究
分野	フィールド調査法	フィールド調査法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	Late 19th–early 20th century (formalized across disciplines)	Late 19th century (archival foundations); mid-20th century (comparative systematic application)
提唱者	Various (Linnaeus in biology; Franz Boas, Edward Sapir in anthropology/linguistics; Gordon Childe in archaeology)	Leopold von Ranke (archival history); Theda Skocpol, Barrington Moore (comparative-historical synthesis)
種類	Comparative qualitative/analytical method	Qualitative comparative research design
原典	Comrie, B. (1989). Language Universals and Linguistic Typology: Syntax and Morphology (2nd ed.). University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 978-0226114330	Skocpol, T. (1979). States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia, and China. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0521294997
別名	cross-typological comparison, typological comparative method, comparative typology, CTA	comparative-historical analysis, cross-national archival research, comparative archival history, CHAR
関連	5	6
概要	Comparative typological analysis is a systematic method for classifying phenomena into types and then examining how those types differ, overlap, or share structural features across multiple cases, contexts, or cultures. Widely applied in linguistics, archaeology, law, and the social sciences, it moves beyond single-case typology by placing type systems in dialogue with one another to identify cross-cutting patterns, universals, or culturally specific configurations.	Comparative historical archival research combines systematic examination of primary archival sources across two or more historical cases — nations, regions, institutions, or time periods — to identify causal patterns, structural similarities, and divergences that single-case histories cannot reveal. It is the method of choice when researchers want to explain why similar or different outcomes emerged across distinct historical contexts using documentary evidence.