手法を比較

	比較オーラルヒストリー	ライフヒストリー・リサーチ
分野	質的手法	質的手法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1970s–1990s (oral history discipline; comparative application developed through 1990s)	Early 20th century (Thomas & Znaniecki 1918–1920); systematised as interview method in the 1990s
提唱者	Alessandro Portelli, Paul Thompson (oral history tradition); comparative design adapted from cross-cultural qualitative research	William I. Thomas and Florian Znaniecki (sociological tradition); Robert Atkinson (interview method)
種類	Qualitative comparative research design	Qualitative research method
原典	Portelli, A. (1991). The Death of Luigi Trastulli and Other Stories: Form and Meaning in Oral History. State University of New York Press. ISBN: 978-0791404997	Atkinson, R. (1998). The Life Story Interview. Sage. ISBN: 978-0761904496
別名	comparative oral history, cross-group oral history, comparative oral testimony, multi-site oral history	life history method, life-history interview, biographical research, personal narrative research
関連	6	6
概要	Comparative oral history collects and systematically compares first-person spoken testimonies from two or more distinct groups, communities, or historical contexts. The method blends the interpretive depth of oral history — privileging personal memory and narrative — with the analytical logic of comparative design, enabling researchers to identify both shared patterns and meaningful differences across the groups under study.	Life history research is a qualitative method that captures the full arc of an individual's life — or a significant portion of it — through extended biographical interviewing and analysis of personal documents. Rooted in early Chicago School sociology, the method treats each life story as a window into broader social, cultural, and historical forces. The researcher and participant co-construct a narrative account that illuminates how personal experience is shaped by, and in turn shapes, wider social structures and processes.