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| コホート研究× | ダイアリー法× | |
|---|---|---|
| 分野≠ | 疫学 | 調査方法論 |
| 系統 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 提唱年≠ | Mid-20th century (formal epidemiological design codified ~1950s) | 1920s–1940s (systematised by Allport, 1942) |
| 提唱者≠ | Doll & Hill (British Doctors Study, 1951); Snow (cholera, 1854) | Gordon Allport (systematic social-science use); Nels Anderson (early fieldwork diaries) |
| 種類≠ | Observational longitudinal study design | Qualitative / mixed-methods data-collection technique |
| 原典≠ | Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641 | Alaszewski, A. (2006). Using Diaries for Social Research. Sage. ISBN: 978-0761941415 |
| 別名 | longitudinal study, follow-up study, panel study, incidence study | diary study, diary technique, self-report diary, daily diary method |
| 関連≠ | 6 | 5 |
| 概要≠ | A cohort study assembles a group of individuals who share a common starting point — typically freedom from the outcome of interest — and follows them over time to observe who develops the outcome. By comparing incidence rates between exposed and unexposed subgroups, researchers can estimate relative risk and absolute risk differences. Cohort studies are the gold-standard observational design for measuring disease incidence and establishing temporal relationships between exposure and outcome. | The diary method is a data-collection technique in which participants record their thoughts, behaviours, events, or experiences in their own words at regular or event-contingent intervals over a defined study period. By capturing data close in time to the event, diaries reduce retrospective recall bias and give researchers access to the texture of everyday life as it unfolds — something one-off surveys and retrospective interviews cannot provide. |
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