手法を比較

	市民参加尺度 (Civic Engagement Scale)	一般化信頼尺度 (Generalized Trust Scale)
分野	政治社会学	政治社会学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1995–2008	1956–1994
提唱者	Cliff Zukin, Scott Keeter, Russell Dalton	Morris Rosenberg, Toshio Yamagishi
種類	Self-report questionnaire / Behavioral frequency	Self-report questionnaire
原典	Zukin, C., Keeter, S., Andolina, M., Jenkins, K., & Delli Carpini, M. X. (2006). A new engagement? Political participation, civic life, and the changing American citizen. Oxford University Press.	Rosenberg, M. (1956). Misanthropy, political ideology, and political information. Public Opinion Quarterly, 20(2), 274-290.
別名	CES, Political Participation Scale	GTS, Trust in Strangers
関連	4	5
概要	The Civic Engagement Scale measures the extent and type of an individual's participation in civic, political, and community life. Rather than a single construct, it typically encompasses multiple dimensions: electoral participation (voting), political activity (contacting officials, campaign involvement), civic service (volunteering, organizational membership), and social participation (community meetings, neighborhood involvement). Developed by scholars including Zukin, Keeter, and Dalton, it captures how citizens actualize their democratic role.	The Generalized Trust Scale measures an individual's propensity to trust people in general, particularly strangers with whom they have no direct relationship. Originally developed by Morris Rosenberg in 1956 and later refined by Toshio Yamagishi and colleagues, it has become foundational in research on social capital, civic participation, and intergroup relations.