手法を比較

	ケーススタディリサーチ（Case Study Research）	ダイアリー法	エスノグラフィー
分野	質的手法	調査方法論	質的手法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1984 (seminal codification)	1920s–1940s (systematised by Allport, 1942)	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)
提唱者	Robert K. Yin (systematised in Case Study Research, 1984)	Gordon Allport (systematic social-science use); Nels Anderson (early fieldwork diaries)	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology
種類	Qualitative research design	Qualitative / mixed-methods data-collection technique	Qualitative fieldwork tradition
原典	Yin, R.K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169	Alaszewski, A. (2006). Using Diaries for Social Research. Sage. ISBN: 978-0761941415	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462
別名	Vaka Çalışması (Case Study), case study design, case study methodology	diary study, diary technique, self-report diary, daily diary method	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research
関連	5	5	5
概要	Case study research is a qualitative research design that investigates a specific phenomenon, individual, group, organisation, or event in depth within its real-world context. Systematised by Robert K. Yin in 1984, it supports single-case and multiple-case designs and draws on multiple data sources — interviews, observation, documents, and artefacts — to build a rich, contextualised account of a bounded unit.	The diary method is a data-collection technique in which participants record their thoughts, behaviours, events, or experiences in their own words at regular or event-contingent intervals over a defined study period. By capturing data close in time to the event, diaries reduce retrospective recall bias and give researchers access to the texture of everyday life as it unfolds — something one-off surveys and retrospective interviews cannot provide.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.