手法を比較

	ブロック化実験室実験	実験室実験
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1926–1935	17th century (natural science); ~1879 onward (behavioral/social science)
提唱者	Ronald A. Fisher	Francis Bacon, Robert Boyle (early scientific method); formalized in social science by Wilhelm Wundt (1879 psychology lab) and Ronald A. Fisher (20th-century design principles)
種類	Controlled experimental design with blocking	Experimental quantitative design
原典	Fisher, R. A. (1935). The Design of Experiments. Oliver and Boyd.	Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN: 978-0395615560
別名	blocked lab experiment, laboratory randomized block design, RBD laboratory study, blocked within-lab experiment	lab experiment, controlled experiment, true experiment, lab study
関連	5	5
概要	A blocked laboratory experiment is a controlled laboratory study in which experimental units are grouped into homogeneous blocks before treatment assignment, and treatments are then randomly assigned within each block. Blocking removes the influence of a known nuisance variable — such as participant batch, equipment run, or testing day — from the error term, increasing the precision of treatment comparisons without expanding sample size.	A laboratory experiment is a research design in which the investigator systematically manipulates one or more independent variables under tightly controlled conditions, randomly assigns participants to conditions, and measures the effect on dependent variables. By maximizing internal control, the laboratory experiment is the gold standard for establishing cause-and-effect relationships. It is the backbone of experimental psychology, cognitive science, pharmacology, and many social sciences.