手法を比較

	ブロックチェーン合意形成	zk-SNARK
分野	暗号学	暗号学
系統	Machine learning	Machine learning
提唱年	2008	2014
提唱者	Satoshi Nakamoto	Eli Ben-Sasson
種類	consensus mechanism	zero-knowledge argument of knowledge
原典	Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system. Retrieved from https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf	Ben-Sasson, E., Chiesa, A., Garman, C., Green, M., Miers, I., Tromer, E., & Virza, M. (2014). Zerocash: Decentralized Anonymous Payments from Bitcoin. In IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP), pp. 459-474.
別名	consensus algorithm, PoW, PoS, distributed consensus	zk-SNARK, zero-knowledge proof, SNARK
関連	3	3
概要	Blockchain consensus mechanisms are distributed protocols that enable a network of untrusted nodes to agree on the correct state of a ledger without a central authority. Introduced with Bitcoin in 2008, consensus mechanisms like Proof of Work and Proof of Stake ensure that modifications to the blockchain cannot be made unilaterally by any participant. Consensus mechanisms are fundamental to cryptocurrency and blockchain applications, making them resistant to tampering and censorship.	A zk-SNARK (Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Argument of Knowledge) is a cryptographic proof system that allows a prover to convince a verifier that a statement is true without revealing any information beyond the statement's validity. The acronym describes its key properties: it requires no interaction, proofs are short (succinct), and verification is efficient. zk-SNARKs were popularized by their application in the Zcash cryptocurrency but have since found use in blockchain scaling solutions, privacy-preserving computations, and verifiable computing.