手法を比較

	Beamforming	FxLMS アクティブノイズコントロール
分野	音響学	音響学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1988	1975
提唱者	Van Veen, Barry Buckley	Bernard Widrow, Samuel Stearns
種類	Directional audio array processing	Adaptive noise cancellation algorithm
原典	Van Veen, B. D., & Buckley, K. M. (1988). Beamforming: A versatile approach to spatial filtering. IEEE ASSP Magazine, 5(2), 4–24.	Widrow, B., & Stearns, S. D. (1975). Adaptive signal processing for active vibration and noise control. IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 23(5), 440–453.
別名	beamformer, spatial filtering, microphone array, phased array	FxLMS, filtered-x LMS, active noise cancellation, ANC
関連	5	5
概要	Beamforming is a spatial signal processing technique that uses microphone arrays to selectively enhance sound from a desired direction while suppressing sounds from other directions. Formalized by Van Veen and Buckley in 1988, beamforming is fundamental to hands-free speech communication, hearing aids, sonar, radar, and spatial audio recording. It enables 'listening' with directional sensitivity despite using omnidirectional microphones, by exploiting time delays and phase differences between array elements.	The Filtered-x Least Mean Squares (FxLMS) algorithm is an adaptive filter used in active noise control (ANC) systems to reduce unwanted sound by generating anti-noise. Pioneered by Widrow and Stearns in 1975 and refined by Eriksson and colleagues, FxLMS is the most widely deployed algorithm in commercial noise-canceling headphones, hearing aids, automotive cabins, and industrial noise barriers. It works by continuously learning the acoustical path and dynamically adjusting a canceling signal in real time.