手法を比較

	ベイジアン調査研究	構造方程式モデリング
分野	研究デザイン	研究統計
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1980s–2000s (modern applied development)	1921
提唱者	Thomas Bayes (theorem, 1763); applied to survey methodology by Donald Rubin, Andrew Gelman, and others (1980s–2000s)	Sewall Wright
種類	Quantitative observational research design with Bayesian inference	Method
原典	Gelman, A., & Carlin, J. B. (2007). Some issues on the foundations of statistics. In A. Gelman & J. B. Carlin (Eds.), Data Analysis Using Regression and Multilevel/Hierarchical Models. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0521686891	Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1973). LISREL: A general computer program for estimating a linear structural equation system. Research Bulletin 73-5. University of Stockholm.
別名	Bayesian survey analysis, Bayesian survey methodology, Bayesian polling, Bayesian questionnaire analysis	SEM, path analysis, latent variable modeling, causal modeling
関連	4	3
概要	Bayesian survey research applies Bayesian statistical inference to survey data, combining prior knowledge or beliefs about population parameters with observed questionnaire responses to produce posterior probability distributions. Unlike null-hypothesis significance testing, this approach quantifies uncertainty directly, incorporates prior evidence, and yields probabilistic statements about parameters of interest — making it especially powerful for small samples, sequential data collection, and contexts where substantive prior knowledge exists.	Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a comprehensive statistical framework combining path analysis (Sewall Wright, 1921) and confirmatory factor analysis to test complex causal models linking observed and latent variables. Formalized by Jöreskog (1973) with LISREL software, SEM enables simultaneous estimation of measurement relationships (how variables measure latent constructs) and structural relationships (how constructs influence outcomes), making it powerful for theory testing in psychology, epidemiology, organizational research, and health sciences where complex mediation, moderation, and latent processes require integrated analysis.