手法を比較

	ベイジアン故障の木解析	故障モード影響解析 (FMEA)
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2001 (BFTA mapping); Bayesian networks: 1988	1949 (military); widespread industrial adoption 1970s–1980s
提唱者	Andrea Bobbio, Luca Portinale et al. (mapping FTA to Bayesian networks); Judea Pearl (Bayesian networks)	U.S. Military / NASA (formalized by MIL-P-1629, 1949)
種類	Probabilistic reliability / safety analysis	Proactive risk analysis technique
原典	Bobbio, A., Portinale, L., Minichino, M., & Ciancamerla, E. (2001). Improving the analysis of dependable systems by mapping fault trees into Bayesian networks. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 71(3), 249–260.	Stamatis, D. H. (2003). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA from Theory to Execution (2nd ed.). ASQ Quality Press. ISBN: 978-0873895989
別名	BFTA, Bayesian FTA, Bayesian network fault tree, probabilistic fault tree analysis	FMEA, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, FMECA, Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis
関連	5	6
概要	Bayesian Fault Tree Analysis (BFTA) extends classical fault tree analysis by converting the fault tree structure into an equivalent Bayesian network, enabling probabilistic inference in both forward (prediction) and backward (diagnosis) directions. This integration allows analysts to update failure probability estimates with observed evidence, quantify uncertainty explicitly, and identify the most probable root causes of a top-level system failure.	Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a structured, proactive risk management technique used to identify potential failure modes in a system, process, or product design, evaluate their consequences, and prioritize corrective actions before failures occur. Originally developed for the U.S. military in 1949 and later adopted by NASA, automotive, and manufacturing industries, FMEA is now a cornerstone quality-engineering tool embedded in standards such as AIAG-VDA and ISO 9001-aligned processes.