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	ベイズ診断精度研究	ベイジアンコホート研究
分野	疫学	疫学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1995–2001	1990s–2000s (widespread adoption in epidemiology)
提唱者	Joseph, Gyorkos & Coupal; Dendukuri & Joseph (formal Bayesian DTA framework)	Bayesian framework: Thomas Bayes / Pierre-Simon Laplace; applied to cohort epidemiology from the 1990s onward
種類	Bayesian inferential study design	Observational longitudinal study with Bayesian inference
原典	Dendukuri, N., & Joseph, L. (2001). Bayesian approaches to modeling the conditional dependence between multiple diagnostic tests. Biometrics, 57(1), 158–167.	Spiegelhalter, D. J., Abrams, K. R., & Myles, J. P. (2004). Bayesian Approaches to Clinical Trials and Health-Care Evaluation. Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471499756
別名	Bayesian DTA study, Bayesian test evaluation, Bayesian diagnostic test accuracy, BDAS	Bayesian longitudinal cohort, Bayesian prospective cohort, Bayesian cohort analysis, Bayesian follow-up study
関連	6	5
概要	A Bayesian diagnostic accuracy study evaluates how well a medical test distinguishes between people who have a condition and those who do not, using Bayesian statistical methods that formally incorporate prior knowledge into the estimation of sensitivity, specificity, and related measures. Unlike classical approaches that rely solely on the observed sample, Bayesian inference combines a likelihood model of the data with prior probability distributions to produce posterior estimates with intuitive credible intervals.	A Bayesian cohort study follows a defined group of individuals over time to estimate incidence, risk, or rate of outcomes, while using Bayesian statistical inference to incorporate prior knowledge and quantify uncertainty through posterior probability distributions rather than classical p-values and confidence intervals. It combines the longitudinal observational design of a cohort study with the probability-updating logic of Bayesian analysis, allowing richer uncertainty quantification and sequential updating as data accumulate.