手法を比較

	Augmentative and Alternative Communication Assessment	Disability Quality of Life Assessment
分野	Disability Studies	Disability Studies
系統	Process / pipeline	Latent structure
提唱年	2001	2002
提唱者	AAC field (participation model; feature-matching tradition), framed within the WHO ICF	Robert L. Schalock & Miguel Angel Verdugo; World Health Organization (ICF)
種類	Feature-matching clinical assessment pipeline	Measurement methodology for quality of life in disability populations
原典	World Health Organization. (2001). International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: ICF. Geneva: WHO. ISBN: 9789241545426	Schalock, R. L., & Verdugo, M. A. (2002). Handbook on Quality of Life for Human Service Practitioners. Washington, DC: American Association on Mental Retardation. ISBN: 9780940898776
別名	AAC Assessment, AAC Feature Matching, Communication Participation Assessment, AAC Needs Assessment	QOL Measurement in Disability, Health-Related Quality of Life Assessment, Disability HRQOL Methodology, QOL-in-Disability Assessment
関連	3	3
概要	Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) assessment is the structured process for determining how a person with complex communication needs can best communicate when natural speech is insufficient. Rather than testing for a diagnosis, it follows a participation-oriented, feature-matching logic: the clinician profiles the individual's communication abilities and access capacities, identifies the activities and roles the person wants to take part in, and then matches those needs to the features of AAC systems — the symbol set, access method, vocabulary organization, and output. The approach is grounded in the participation model, which frames the goal as enabling participation in valued life activities rather than remediating an impairment, a stance that aligns closely with the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and its distinction between body functions, activities, and participation in context. By assessing the person, their environment, and their goals together and then matching to system features, AAC assessment aims to find a communication solution that fits the whole person and is then evaluated and adjusted over time.	Quality of life assessment in disability populations is the general methodology for measuring how well people with disabilities are living, encompassing both overall quality of life and health-related quality of life. Unlike a single instrument or model, it is a set of methodological commitments and decisions that researchers and practitioners must navigate whenever they attempt such measurement. Drawing on the quality-of-life science consolidated by Schalock and Verdugo and on the biopsychosocial framing of disability in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, the methodology distinguishes objective life conditions from subjective evaluation, weighs generic against condition-specific instruments, and confronts phenomena that are especially acute in disability populations. Chief among these are response shift, the tendency for a person's internal standards to change over time, and the disability paradox, in which people with serious impairments often report a good quality of life that observers would not predict. The methodology also insists on accessible administration and valid proxy reporting so that people who communicate differently are measured fairly rather than excluded.