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	Atkinson Index	Lorenz Curve
分野	Sociology	Sociology
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1970	1905
提唱者	Anthony Barnes Atkinson	Max Otto Lorenz
種類	Welfare-based, parameterized inequality index	Graphical representation of distributional inequality
原典	Atkinson, A. B. (1970). On the measurement of inequality. Journal of Economic Theory, 2(3), 244–263.	Lorenz, M. O. (1905). Methods of measuring the concentration of wealth. Publications of the American Statistical Association, 9(70), 209–219.
別名	Atkinson inequality measure, Atkinson's A, welfare-based inequality index	Lorenz concentration curve, Lorenz diagram, cumulative share curve
関連	5	5
概要	The Atkinson index is a welfare-based measure of inequality that incorporates an explicit, analyst-chosen parameter for how much society dislikes inequality. Introduced by Anthony Atkinson in 1970, it asks what fraction of total income could be discarded, under an equal distribution, while leaving social welfare unchanged — making the ethical judgement behind any inequality comparison transparent rather than hidden.	The Lorenz curve is a graphical device that displays the full shape of inequality in a distribution by plotting the cumulative share of a quantity (such as income) held by the cumulative share of the population, ranked from poorest to richest. Introduced by Max Lorenz in 1905, it underlies the Gini coefficient and provides the basis for ranking distributions by inequality when one curve lies entirely above another.