手法を比較

	Asset Index Construction	Demographic and Health Survey Analysis
分野	Development Studies	Development Studies
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2001	1984
提唱者	Deon Filmer & Lant Pritchett	USAID / The DHS Program (ICF)
種類	Composite socioeconomic-status proxy index	Nationally representative population and health survey
原典	Filmer, D., & Pritchett, L. H. (2001). Estimating Wealth Effects without Expenditure Data—or Tears: An Application to Educational Enrollments in States of India. Demography, 38(1), 115-132.	Croft, T. N., Marshall, A. M. J., Allen, C. K., et al. (2018). Guide to DHS Statistics: DHS-7. Rockville, MD: ICF, The DHS Program.
別名	Wealth Index, Asset Index, PCA Wealth Index, Socioeconomic Status Index	DHS, Demographic and Health Survey, DHS Program survey, Standard DHS
関連	4	4
概要	Asset index construction builds a proxy for household wealth or socioeconomic status from observable possessions — durable goods, housing quality, and access to utilities — when reliable income or consumption data are unavailable. The dominant approach, popularized by Deon Filmer and Lant Pritchett in 2001, applies principal component analysis (PCA) to a set of asset variables and uses the first principal component as a set of weights, producing a single wealth score for each household. The method underlies the wealth quintiles reported in Demographic and Health Surveys and many other household surveys across low- and middle-income countries.	The Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) are nationally representative household surveys that provide standardised, internationally comparable data on population, health, and nutrition in low- and middle-income countries. Funded primarily by USAID and implemented through The DHS Program, they use model questionnaires, a complex multi-stage sample design, and a standardised wealth index to produce indicators of fertility, child and maternal mortality, family planning, child nutrition, and disease prevalence that drive health policy and programme monitoring worldwide.