手法を比較

	Arriaga Decomposition	Direct Standardization
分野	人口学	人口学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1984	2001
提唱者	Eduardo E. Arriaga	Classical demographic method (formalized by Preston, Heuveline & Guillot)
種類	Age-specific decomposition of a difference in life expectancy	Rate adjustment by reweighting to a standard population
原典	Arriaga, E. E. (1984). Measuring and explaining the change in life expectancies. Demography, 21(1), 83–96.	Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512
別名	Arriaga's method, Life-expectancy decomposition, Age decomposition of life expectancy, Arriaga Ayrıştırması	Directly standardized rate, Age-standardized rate, Direct method of standardization, Doğrudan Standardizasyon
関連	4	4
概要	Arriaga decomposition is a demographic technique that breaks down the difference in life expectancy between two life tables — two countries, two time points, or two groups — into the contributions of mortality change at each age. Introduced by Eduardo Arriaga in 1984, it tells the analyst not just that life expectancy rose or fell, but exactly which ages drove the change, separating the direct effect of mortality change within an age interval from the indirect effect of the extra survivors that change passes on to older ages.	Direct standardization is a demographic technique that makes summary rates comparable across populations by applying each population's group-specific rates — most often age-specific death or disease rates — to a single, common standard population structure. The resulting directly standardized rate answers a counterfactual question: what would the crude rate be if every population had the same age (or other) composition? It removes the confounding effect of differing population structure so that genuine differences in underlying risk can be compared on a level footing.