手法を比較

	階層分析法	ロケーション・アロケーション・モデル	理想解への類似性による優先順位決定法
分野	意思決定	空間分析	意思決定
系統	MCDM	Process / pipeline	MCDM
提唱年	1980	1963	1981
提唱者	Saaty, T. L.	Leon Cooper; S. L. Hakimi	Hwang, C. L., Yoon, K.
種類	Pairwise comparison (eigenvalue)	Spatial facility-location optimization	Distance-based (compromise)
原典	Saaty, T. L. (1980). The Analytic Hierarchy Process: Planning, Priority Setting, Resource Allocation. McGraw-Hill, New York ISBN: 978-0070543713	Cooper, L. (1963). Location-allocation problems. Operations Research, 11(3), 331–343.	Hwang, C. L., Yoon, K. (1981). Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications — A State-of-the-Art Survey. Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, Vol. 186, Springer-Verlag
別名	—	facility location, p-median problem, maximal covering location problem, yer-tahsis modelleri	—
関連	8	4	8
概要	AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) is a weight subjective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Saaty, T. L. in 1980. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.	Location-allocation models decide where to place a set of facilities and simultaneously assign demand points to them so as to optimize an objective such as total travel cost, worst-case distance, or population covered. Rooted in the operations-research work of Cooper (1963) and Hakimi (1964) and central to network GIS, they answer questions like where to site warehouses, hospitals, fire stations, or schools to best serve a spatially distributed population.	TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Hwang, C. L., Yoon, K. in 1981. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.