手法を比較

	適応型実験室実験	適応的無作為化比較試験
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1947 (sequential analysis foundations); adaptive laboratory applications widespread from 1990s	1980s–2000s (formalized; earlier sequential testing roots from Wald, 1947)
提唱者	Rooted in sequential analysis (Abraham Wald, 1947); adaptive clinical/lab designs formalized by Berry and colleagues (1990s–2000s)	Donald Berry and others; foundational adaptive trial methods developed through 1980s–2000s biostatistics literature
種類	Adaptive experimental design	Experimental design — adaptive variant of RCT
原典	Berry, D. A. (2006). Bayesian clinical trials. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 5(1), 27–36.	Chow, S.-C., & Chang, M. (2008). Adaptive Design Methods in Clinical Trials. Chapman & Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584887690
別名	adaptive lab experiment, sequential adaptive laboratory study, response-adaptive laboratory design, adaptive experimental laboratory design	Adaptive RCT, Response-adaptive RCT, Adaptive clinical trial, Platform trial
関連	5	6
概要	An adaptive laboratory experiment is a controlled experimental design conducted in a laboratory setting where pre-specified decision rules allow modifications to the study — such as sample size, treatment allocation, or stopping criteria — based on accumulating data. Unlike fixed designs, adaptive designs incorporate planned interim analyses that permit the experiment to respond to emerging evidence while maintaining statistical validity and Type I error control.	An adaptive randomized controlled trial (adaptive RCT) is an experimental design in which pre-specified rules allow modifications to the trial while it is ongoing — such as changing allocation ratios, dropping underperforming arms, or stopping early for efficacy or futility — based on accumulating interim data. These adaptations are planned before the trial starts and governed by statistical rules to preserve Type I error control and validity.