手法を比較

	適応的フィールド実験	適応的無作為化比較試験
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1990s–2000s (formalized in field economics and development research contexts)	1980s–2000s (formalized; earlier sequential testing roots from Wald, 1947)
提唱者	Developed at the intersection of adaptive trial methodology (Berry, Bauer) and field experimentation (Duflo, Kremer, List)	Donald Berry and others; foundational adaptive trial methods developed through 1980s–2000s biostatistics literature
種類	Adaptive experimental design conducted in naturalistic settings	Experimental design — adaptive variant of RCT
原典	Berry, D. A. (2004). Bayesian statistics and the efficiency and ethics of clinical trials. Statistical Science, 19(1), 175–187.	Chow, S.-C., & Chang, M. (2008). Adaptive Design Methods in Clinical Trials. Chapman & Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584887690
別名	adaptive field trial, sequentially adaptive field experiment, responsive field experiment, adaptive randomized field study	Adaptive RCT, Response-adaptive RCT, Adaptive clinical trial, Platform trial
関連	6	6
概要	An adaptive field experiment is a randomized study conducted in a real-world environment in which pre-specified decision rules allow the researcher to modify the trial as interim data accumulate — for example, by reallocating participants toward more effective arms, adjusting sample size, or stopping early for efficacy or futility — all while maintaining statistical integrity.	An adaptive randomized controlled trial (adaptive RCT) is an experimental design in which pre-specified rules allow modifications to the trial while it is ongoing — such as changing allocation ratios, dropping underperforming arms, or stopping early for efficacy or futility — based on accumulating interim data. These adaptations are planned before the trial starts and governed by statistical rules to preserve Type I error control and validity.